Dr. Forest Arnold returns to discuss co-infections in COVID-19 by first presenting case reports and pathophysiology. After, he explains etiology and frequency and finally, diagnosis and treatment.

Dr. Forest Arnold returns to present "COVID-19 Vaccines: Wows and Woes" today on Louisville Lectures. In this presentation, Dr. Arnold gives an overview of COVID-19 and vaccines. He then discusses a case of potential thrombosis due to the Johnson & Johnson vaccine as well as the pathophysiology of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT). After, he presents the CDC Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and the efficacy of vaccines in light of variants. And finally, Dr. Arnold discusses post acute COVID-19 Syndrome (PACS).

Dr. Mark Burns gives an update on COVID-19 by first discussing its history and epidemiology. He then describes the lifecycle of Sars-CoV-2 and the events surrounding the Cytokine Storm. After, he explains the clinical presentation and current commendations for pharmacologic management and finally, the vaccines in phase 3 trials.

Dr. Forest Arnold's focuses on summarizing the extent of human coronaviruses, risk factors, and the clinical presentation of patients with coronavirus to the extent known. He then identifies the current infection prevention and control approach, as well as clinical management and future directions.

Dr. Mark Burns presents "Ebola" by first discussing the history and transmission of Ebola. He then explains the term "person under investigation" as well as how to control the spread of Ebola.

Dr. Anupama Raghuram presents a review of "HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)" by first discussing the HIV global burden of disease and transmission. She then presents the rationale for HIV PrEP as well as the efficacy and indications of HIV PrEP. Finally, she analyzes the initial barriers in prescribing HIV PrEP.

Dr. Anupama Raghuram presents the "Basics of HIV Infection" by first discussing the epidemiology, pathogenesis and transmission of HIV infection. After, she presents the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HIV infection.

Dr. Anupama Raghuram discusses "Hepatitis A: An Update in the Context of an Outgoing Multi-state Outbreak" by first reviewing the epidemiology and pathogenesis of hepatits A virus (HAV) infections. She then presents the clinical manifestations and management of HAV infections. After, Dr. Raghuram addresses strategies for prevention of transmission in a variety of clinical settings and finally, reviews data on the ongoing multi-state HAV outbreak in the US.

Dr. Anupama Raghuram discusses OIs in HIV by first reviewing pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and select opportunistic infections in HIV positive patients. She then discusses challenges in diagnosis and treatment options for select OIs in HIV positive patients

In Controlling Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria in the Healthcare Setting: The Role of the Hospital Epidemiologist with Dr. Forest W. Arnold, Dr. Arnold covers the MDR control program as well as strategies to prevent and manage MDR.